[KYUUBI #7434][DOC] Reformat quick start docs from RST to Markdown

[dnskr]

Why are the changes needed?

The changes are needed to unify the format used for documentation, as described in the issue #7434.

The PR also:

• Removes sphinx_markdown_tables extension to fix variable substitution in tables.
• Fixes cross-references to quick_start pages.
• Fixes building kyuubi link.

There is a slight difference between the configuration table representation on the Getting Started page and the Maven dependency declaration on the Getting Started with Hive JDBC page because variable substitution doesn't work inside code blocks, but it shouldn't affect user experience.

This PR does not change page contents to ensure an easier review of the migration.

How was this patch tested?

Tested by building the documentation and comparing the pages against the live site:

make clean html


open https://kyuubi.readthedocs.io/en/master/quick_start/index.html
open _build/html/quick_start/index.html

open https://kyuubi.readthedocs.io/en/master/quick_start/quick_start.html
open _build/html/quick_start/quick_start.html

open https://kyuubi.readthedocs.io/en/master/quick_start/quick_start_with_jdbc.html
open _build/html/quick_start/quick_start_with_jdbc.html

Was this patch assisted by generative AI tooling?

Assisted-by: Qwen Coder

[pan3793]

variable substitution doesn't work inside code blocks

maybe we can ask AI to write a simple extension or pre-process it with a python function to make it work? but the current approach is also fine.

[dnskr]

I researched this while trying to make it work, and from what I understand, there's a design reason why substitutions don't work inside code blocks in Sphinx and MyST parser.
One solution is to substitute the entire code block, but that adds logic to conf.py and makes the Markdown file less friendly to read.
For now, I'm leaning toward avoiding the release value in code blocks when possible, in favor of something more general like this workaround. But I'll continue working on format migration, and I'll try to find more elegant solution.

[dnskr]

A quick update regarding the issue.

I've used parsed-literal code-block to render the following code and it works as intended:

$ tar zxf apache-kyuubi-{{ release }}-bin.tgz

However, in the current MyST implementation parsed-literal directive removes leading and trailing spaces (PR executablebooks/MyST-Parser#1176 available), and doesn't work properly with XML content, so the discussed code does not rendered correctly:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.kyuubi</groupId>
    <artifactId>kyuubi-hive-jdbc-shaded</artifactId>
    <version>{{ release }}</version>
</dependency>

[pan3793]

the current state is good enough to go. and we can re-evalute parsed-literal once the patched version is available.

[dnskr]

Thank you for the review!

Merged to master and branch-1.12.