Add runtime i18n hooks for validation messages

[aleksandr-kotlyar]

Summary

Adds runtime i18n support for Voluptuous built-in validation messages.

This PR introduces gettext-compatible hooks so applications can translate Voluptuous error messages without Voluptuous shipping production translation catalogs.

Main changes:

• Add configure_i18n() for loading gettext catalogs from an application-provided localedir
• Add set_gettext() for injecting a custom translation callable
• Add gettext_scope() for temporary context-local translation overrides
• Route built-in user-facing validation messages and the Invalid.__str__ message/error-type format through the i18n hook
• Keep the error path suffix, for example @ data[...], untranslated so existing tooling can continue to parse it
• Document the i18n API in the README
• Add test-only locale fixtures and packaging checks to ensure fixture catalogs are not treated as production catalogs

Voluptuous intentionally does not ship production translation catalogs in this PR. Applications are expected to provide their own gettext catalogs.

Also includes a few small validation correctness fixes covered by tests while touching error-message paths:

• enum scalar schemas
• set element transforms
• non-numeric Number input
• Schema.extend(Schema(...))
• Invalid.__repr__

Resolves #73.

[aleksandr-kotlyar]

Hi @alecthomas, sorry for the ping.

This PR is ready for review when you have time. It keeps the change focused on runtime i18n support for validation messages, includes regression coverage, and the branch is up to date with master.

I would appreciate any feedback on whether this approach matches the project’s expected API and packaging semantics, especially around configure_i18n(), set_gettext(), gettext_scope(), and locale files.

Thanks!

[alecthomas]

@codex review

[chatgpt-codex-connector]

💡 Codex Review

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Reviewed commit: 0d33e696b7

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[chatgpt-codex-connector]

Keep the unconfigured translator independent of process gettext

When a host application has called gettext.textdomain()/bindtextdomain() (and selected a language through its environment), _gettext.gettext consults that process-global domain, so Voluptuous messages become translated—or collide with unrelated catalog entries—even though none of these new configuration APIs were called. This also lets another component's later domain changes alter validation output unexpectedly, contrary to the documented English default; initialize this to an identity translator and reserve gettext catalog lookup for configure_i18n().

Useful? React with 👍 / 👎.

[aleksandr-kotlyar]

Addressed in 1ffe417: the unconfigured default translator is now an identity function, and gettext catalog lookup is only used via configure_i18n(). Added a regression test covering process-global gettext isolation.

[aleksandr-kotlyar]

Hi @alecthomas, a gentle follow-up: the Codex review feedback has been addressed in 1ffe417, with a regression test covering gettext isolation. Could you take a look when you have time? Thanks!