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L-type Ca channels #1001
Description
Current behavior:
The reaction MAR11311 describes the Calcium (Ca+2) Transport via Diffusion (Extracellular to Cytosol). This reactions currently has no GPR.
This diffusion is not passive and needs to be facilitated by L-type Ca channels.
There are four : Cav1.1, Cav1.2, Cav1.3, and Cav1.4.
Expected feature/value/output:
The GPR of MAR11311 should be modified to be
| Caᵥ Subtype | Gene Symbol | Ensembl Gene ID | Major Tissue/Context |
|---|---|---|---|
| Caᵥ1.1 | CACNA1S | ENSG00000081248 | Skeletal muscle |
| Caᵥ1.2 | CACNA1C | ENSG00000151067 | Cardiac muscle, brain, smooth muscle |
| Caᵥ1.3 | CACNA1D | ENSG00000157388 | Neurons, cochlea, pacemaker cells |
| Caᵥ1.4 | CACNA1F | ENSG00000102001 | Retinal photoreceptors |
source: DOI: 10.1146/annurev.cellbio.16.1.521
Reacted by Jiahao Luo
Activity
JHL-452b commentedon Jul 8, 2025
Totally agree with your suggestion. I have reached the same conclusion from other paper (Fig. 3B), and the annotations of these genes (CACNA1S, CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNA1F) in UniProt are the same as MAR11311.
edkerk commentedon Jul 11, 2026
Thanks, you are right that this should be gene-associated. MAR11311 is the only uncoupled Ca2+ influx reaction in the model (the other extracellular/cytosol Ca2+ reactions are antiporters and pumps), and channel-mediated entry is not passive diffusion.
Because every plasma-membrane Ca2+ influx channel catalyses the identical
Ca2+[e] -> Ca2+[c]reaction, giving each channel its own reaction would create duplicates. So rather than L-type only, this one reaction is associated with the full set of pore-forming Ca2+ influx channel subunits, voltage-gated (Caᵥ1/2/3) and store-operated (ORAI), joined byOR:MAR11311 is also renamed from "via Diffusion" to "via Ion Channels". Left out on purpose: STIM1/2 (ER Ca2+ sensors, not the pore), TRP channels (a large, mostly non-selective family), and ligand-gated channels such as NMDA/P2X (a different, ligand-dependent reaction context).
feat: associate Ca2+ influx channels with MAR11311 (#1001)
feat: associate voltage-gated and store-operated Ca2+ channels with M…
edkerk commentedon Sep 27, 2026
Follow-up to #1033 (the channel GPR on MAR11311), in #1105:
Gene rows completed. #1033 added the 13 channel genes to
genes.tsvwith only symbol and name. Their Ensembl transcript and protein ids (Ensembl release 116), UniProt and NCBI Gene ids are now filled in, as for the other genes:The
compartmentsandcompDataSourcecolumns are left empty: they come from the bulk localisation pipeline and are empty for every gene added since, so they are better regenerated together.TRPV5 and TRPV6 added to MAR11311. Both are Ca2+-selective epithelial entry channels that catalyse the same Ca2+[e] -> Ca2+[c] reaction (RHEA:29671). They are new genes in the model.
References. MAR11311 cited only the source-model paper (PMID:21749716). It now also cites the channel families: Cav1/Cav2/Cav3 (PMID:21746798), ORAI1 as the CRAC pore (PMID:16921383), ORAI1-3 as store-operated channels (PMID:17442569), and the TRPV5/TRPV6 papers above.
The GPR is now the 15 pore-forming Ca2+ influx channel genes joined by OR.
edkerk commentedon Oct 5, 2026
Fixed in Human 2.1.0.